HIV is a significant global health issue for which there is no cure. However, the availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has made it possible to effectively treat and prevent HIV infection, leading to a considerable decrease in associated deaths and illnesses.1,2 Most HIV treatment and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) plans involve the use of daily oral combination […]

Heavily treatment-experienced people living with HIV (HTE-PLWH) represent a minority of those living with HIV.1 While there is variability in the definitions of HTE-PLWH, its prevalence is estimated to be between 1 and 10% of the total number of people living with HIV (PLWH) monitored in high-income countries.2,3 HTE-PLWH are at high risk for clinical progression, […]

The Russian invasion of Ukraine represents the largest humanitarian crisis that Europe has faced in decades. In the first 4 months of the war, over 9.9 million refugees crossed the Ukrainian border, and over 6.1 million Ukrainian refugees were registered across Europe.1 Before the war, Ukraine had a high prevalence of tuberculosis (TB); the prevalence of […]

Initial attempts to develop a HIV vaccine focused on creating a vaccine that would generate neutralizing antibodies against the virus, using portions of the HIV envelope from prototype laboratory isolates. The initial attempts using monomeric envelope proteins of largely laboratory adapted strains of HIV were unsuccessful due to their structural dissimilarities to the native HIV […]

There have been many developments in the search for a vaccine for the prevention of HIV in recent years. Currently, many techniques are available for preventing HIV infection, but the development of a safe, effective and affordable vaccine is most important in controlling the HIV pandemic.1 In this expert interview, Dr Stephaun E Wallace discusses […]

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has recognized that people with HIV are at a greater risk for severe disease and death than those without HIV, when hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).1–3 It is also known that individuals with neurological conditions such as dementia are also at a higher risk for severe outcomes with […]

Vaginitis is one of the most common health-related issues that affects women worldwide. It can be caused by bacterial, fungal or protozoal infections. Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is the second most common cause of vaginitis, accounting for one-third of all cases in women of reproductive age.1 In the USA, VVC results in approximately 1.4 million outpatient visits […]

While the global commitment to treating HIV has saved countless lives, efforts to prevent new HIV infections have not been so fruitful. The annual number of new HIV infections among adults worldwide has barely changed over the past 5 years, with a disappointing 31% decline since 2010, much lower than the 75% target for 2020 that […]

An alliance of United Nations organizations and associated partners have unified to create the United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), which has set a goal of ending the HIV epidemic by the year 2030.1 Similarly, the ‘Ending the HIV Epidemic in the U.S.’ initiative, by the Department of Human Health and Services, has an overarching goal […]