Tuberculous mastitis (TM) is a rare chronic granulomatous disease predominantly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.1 TM accounts for less than 0.1% of all breast diseases worldwide, whereas it is more common in endemic regions (3–4.5%).2,3 TM is more prevalent in the reproductive age group, especially during the lactation period, when patients are more susceptible since the […]

It is my pleasure to introduce this issue of touchREVIEWS in Infectious Diseases for 2025, which features a diverse range of reviews and editorials addressing the scientific, clinical and policy dimensions of infectious disease management in a rapidly evolving global landscape. Access the latest issue here This issue opens with an editorial by Joshua Craft […]

This article provides an overview of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid®; Pfizer, New York, NY, USA), an oral antiviral agent manufactured by Pfizer, used for treating mild-to-moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Herein, we summarize the drug’s pharmacology, including its mechanism of action and pharmacokinetics, and review multiple clinical studies assessing its efficacy and safety across various patient populations, […]

At the start of 2025, the world was healthier and safer because of the USA’s longstanding commitment to biomedical research.1–3 Further progress was on the horizon as healthcare providers delivered new interventions targeting the leading infectious causes of illness and death worldwide. For instance, in the latest phase of one of global health’s most significant milestones, […]

People living with HIV (PLWH) are living longer, healthier lives due to the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and sustained viral suppression.1–4 Studies conducted in Europe and North America indicate that individuals who initiate ART early and achieve adequate immune recovery can have a life expectancy comparable to that of the general population.1–4 Some studies highlight survival […]

Despite significant progress in reducing the burden of HIV, it remains one of the major challenges to public health worldwide. In 2023, there were 40 million adults living with HIV, and more than 1 million new HIV diagnoses were reported worldwide.1 In the United States, there were over 30,000 new HIV infections in 2022, a 12% […]

A double-stranded DNA virus of the Orthopoxvirus family, mpox (formerly monkeypox), continues to infect people daily, following the 2022 global outbreak.1 Two clades (clade 1 and clade 2) have been identified, with the 2022 outbreak caused by a subclade of clade 2, referred to as clade 2b.2 Comparatively, clade 1 leads to a more severe disease state and greater […]

Welcome to the latest edition of touchREVIEWS in Infectious Diseases, where we continue our mission to deliver insightful, cutting-edge perspectives in infectious disease diagnosis and management. This issue offers an array of topics spanning diagnostics, service delivery innovations and preventive care, reflecting the dynamic challenges and opportunities in our field. In our first editorial, Barbara […]

Highlights Determining infection and multidrug resistance (MDR) rates continuously helps to detect the problem to be solved, including outbreaks. Cleaning and disinfection play an important role in preventing MDR and evaluating and correcting the process for better results. MDR control can only be achieved with various measures applied continuously and consistently by a group of […]